实现POSIX线程标准的库常被称作pthreads，一般用于Unix-like POSIX 系统，如Linux、 Solaris。pthreads定义了一套C语言的类型、函数与常量，它以pthread.h头文件和一个线程库实现。

一、 pthread_create()：创建一个线程

#include <pthread.h>

int pthread_create(pthread_t *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr,
     void *(*start_routine) (void *), void *arg);
// pthread_create - create a new thread

pthread_t：线程句柄。出于移植目的，不能把它作为整数处理，应使用函数pthread_equal()对两个线程ID进行比较。获取自身所在线程id使用函数pthread_self()。
pthread_attr_t：线程属性。主要包括scope属性、detach属性、堆栈地址、堆栈大小、优先级。

二、 pthread_join()：阻塞当前的线程，直到另外一个线程运行结束

#include <pthread.h>

int pthread_join(pthread_t thread, void **retval);
// pthread_join - join with a terminated thread

三、 创建线程示例

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void *thread_run(void *arg)
{
	int t = *(int *)arg;

	for(int i=0; i<5; i++)
	{
		printf("The new thread %d\n", t);
	}

	return NULL;
}

int main(void)
{
	pthread_t tid[5];
	int param[5];
	int retval;

	for(int i=0; i<5; i++)
	{	
		param[i] = i + 1;

		// 创建线程，并传递参数
		retval = pthread_create(&tid[i], NULL, thread_run, (void *)&param[i]);

		// 创建线程失败
		if(retval != 0)
		{
			printf("pthread create error\n");
			exit(1);
		}
	}

	for(int i=0; i<5; i++)
	{
		// 阻塞主线程
		retval = pthread_join(tid[i], NULL);

		// 阻塞主线程失败
		if(retval != 0)
		{
			printf("pthread join error\n");
			exit(1);
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

四、 运行结果

[ycxie@fedora Workspace]$ gcc pthread_create_demo.c -o pthread_create_demo -pthread -Wall
[ycxie@fedora Workspace]$ ./pthread_create_demo
The new thread 1
The new thread 1
The new thread 1
The new thread 1
The new thread 1
The new thread 2
The new thread 2
The new thread 2
The new thread 2
The new thread 2
The new thread 5
The new thread 4
The new thread 4
The new thread 4
The new thread 4
The new thread 4
The new thread 5
The new thread 5
The new thread 5
The new thread 5
The new thread 3
The new thread 3
The new thread 3
The new thread 3
The new thread 3
[ycxie@fedora Workspace]$ ./pthread_create_demo
The new thread 5
The new thread 4
The new thread 2
The new thread 2
The new thread 2
The new thread 2
The new thread 2
The new thread 5
The new thread 5
The new thread 5
The new thread 5
The new thread 3
The new thread 3
The new thread 3
The new thread 3
The new thread 3
The new thread 4
The new thread 4
The new thread 4
The new thread 1
The new thread 1
The new thread 1
The new thread 1
The new thread 1
The new thread 4